Zimbabwe has opened its 2017 tobacco-selling season with hopes the “golden leaf” will change the economic fortunes of the southern African nation. Officials say the tobacco yield has been increasing after a downward turn in 2000 when the government chased white commercial farmers off their land.
Zimbabwean farmers applauded after the 2017 tobacco selling season began Wednesday in Harare at the country’s biggest auction floor.
Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe Governor John Mangudya saluted the farmers.
“Producers of tobacco are indeed our heroes. You are important to this economy. The foreign currency you produce is above $800 million a year. That amount is enough to [buy oil for] Zimbabwe throughout the whole year. Zimbabwe spends about $60 million in fuel per month. You do produce enough fuel in this economy, therefore your importance can never be underestimated,” Mangudya said.
A tobacco buyer is seen testing the new tobacco electronic auctioning system. The system went down on the first day forcing Zimbabwe’s Tobacco Industry Marketing Board to revert to the old system, under pressure of impatient farmers, in Harare, March 15, 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)
This year, the government says it expects 205 million kilograms, three million kilograms more than last year. That is more than in the early 2000's when the agriculture industry took a nosedive after President Robert Mugabe’s government took white commercial farmers' land and replaced them with black farmers.
Zimbabwe Minister of Agriculture Joseph Made said the yield and quality of tobacco are due to good rains.
“As a result, the nation is naturally elated by the prospects of growth in the agriculture sector. Already the minister of finance [Patrick Chinamasa] has revised his [national] projections on the back of that anticipated performance [to 3.7 percent]. I really commend farmers for doing so well,” Made said.
Farmer Laina Magombedzi says she can spend up to a week at the auction floors waiting to be served, and then spend more time queueing for cash at the bank due to over a year-old national cash shortages. She says Zimbabwe’s auctions are giving them "a raw deal" as buyers re-sell the tobacco on the black market for more money, in Harare March 15, 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)
Farmers still face uphill battle
But farmers at the auction said they do not feel enough gratitude from the government. Besides delays in payments, the farmers said they spend days queueing to withdraw cash from banks, due to a national cash shortage.
Farmer Laina Magombedzi says she can spend up to a week at the auction floors waiting to be served.
She says the farmers get "a raw deal" because the buyers re-sell the tobacco on the black market for more money. She says she has been waiting five hours and the farmers are not told how the sales are progressing and are not allowed at the auction of their tobacco. She adds that a new electronic auction system has not improved the process.
Some Zimbabwean farmers, hungry and tired, sit on the floor in frustration as the new tobacco electronic auctioning system went down on its first day, in Harare, March 15, 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)
No improvement is what many Zimbabweans have been saying for years.
Independent economist John Robertson says this year’s tobacco yield is higher, but will not quickly improve Zimbabwe’s economy.
“We need to … greatly broaden the agriculture aspect. We need to bring the large commercial farmers back. Small-scale farmers cannot feed the nation. Now that half the nation is nearly urbanized, we need [to get] large-scale farmers into wheat growing, cotton growing, soybean growing, all the things we used to do better than we are doing now. We will be importing food this year, in spite of a better season.”
Before Mugabe's land reform, Zimbabwe was a breadbasket of southern Africa. The United Nations says about five million Zimbabweans are now relying on food handouts.